| Maze Solving Robot Using Freeduino and LSRB Algorithm | |
|
MSRDG International Journal of Computer Scientific Technology & Electronics Engineering
© 2025 by MSRDG IJCSTEE Journal Volume 1 Issue 3
Year of Publication: 2025 |
Paper Download Article ID MSRDG-IJCSTEE-V1I3P105 |
|
Abstract: Autonomous mobile robots that can navigate complex environments without human intervention have become central to research in robotics, logistics, and rescue operations. This paper presents the design and implementation of a maze-solving robot built on the Freeduino microcontroller platform and driven by a novel Left-Sensor-Right-Backtrack (LSRB) algorithm. The LSRB algorithm extends the classical left-hand rule by incorporating a three-sensor infrared detection mechanism and a backtracking module that prevents the robot from becoming trapped in looped dead ends. The hardware architecture integrates three infrared proximity sensors, an L293D dual H-bridge motor driver, two DC gear motors, and a 16x2 LCD module for real-time status feedback. Experimental results from ten repeated trials in a standardised 10x10 grid maze demonstrate that the LSRB robot achieves an average completion time of 28.4 seconds and executes 54 movement steps on average, outperforming the classical left-hand rule by 32.8% in time efficiency and 37.9% in step count while requiring no prior map knowledge. The system achieves a 100% goal-reach rate across all trials, confirming both reliability and repeatability. These results indicate that the LSRB algorithm is a practical and computationally lightweight solution for real-time autonomous maze navigation in resource-constrained embedded platforms. |
|
| Keywords: Maze-solving robot; Freeduino; LSRB algorithm; infrared sensor; autonomous navigation; embedded robotics; L293D motor driver | |
